DEFINITION OF BIOTECHNOLOGY

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                                  BIOTECHNOLOGY


J Biotechnology deals with techniques of using live  Organisms, cells or their components  or enzymes from organisms to produce products  and processes(Services)  useful to humans.

J In this sense, making curd ( By Lactobacillus & Lacticacid bacteria), bread or wine( By Yeast) , which are all microbe-mediated processes, could also be thought as a form of biotechnology.

J However, it is used in a restricted sense today, to refer to such of those processes which use genetically modified organisms( GMO) to achieve the same on a larger scale. Further, many other processes/techniques are also included under biotechnology. For example, in vitro fertilisation leading to a ‘test-tube’ baby, synthesising a gene and using it, developing a DNA vaccine or correcting a defective gene, are all part of biotechnology.


The European Federation of Biotechnology (EFB) has given a definition of biotechnology that encompasses both
traditional view and modern molecular biotechnology.
The definition given by EFB is as follows:
J ‘The integration of natural science( Biochemistry,microbiology,cell biology and engineering) to achieve technological applications of capabilities of  organisms, cells, parts thereof, and molecular analogues for products
and services’.
>> Term “BIOTECHNOLOGY” was first coined by Hungarian engineer    KARL ERYKY, in 1917 to describe a process for  large scale production of pigs  using dugarbeet as food.

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